1. what levels of exposure are associated with the mobile phone?
To connect to the network the mobile phone antenna emits radio frequencies. A proportion of the energy emitted is absorbed by the body of the mobile phone user.
The most relevant measure in terms of exposure is the SAR (Specific Absorption Rate).
2. what is the SAR?
The SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) is the unit of measurement for the quantity of radio frequency energy that is absorbed by the body of the person using the mobile phone. The SAR for a mobile phone is the maximum level of radio waves to which the user of the phone might be exposed. Each mobile phone model has its own SAR. The World Health Organisation and the health authorities indicate that no health risks have been established for an SAR lower than 2 W/kg. The SAR for mobile phones sold in Switzerland is not permitted to exceed this value.
Find out the SAR of mobile phones
3. does the power of a mobile phone remain constant?
No, mobile phones do not always emit their maximum power. They are equipped with a power control system that automatically reduces the level of power emitted to the minimum compatible level whilst ensuring good quality communication.
4. how can I reduce my level of exposure?
There is no scientific evidence demonstrating health risks in relation to the use of mobile phones. Nevertheless, in anticipation of the results of scientific research that has been conducted, the WHO (World Health Organisation) and the health authorities, such as the FOPH (Federal Office of Public Health) in Switzerland, provide recommendations on how to reduce exposure to electromagnetic fields.
- the use of a wired or Bluetooth handsfree kit that positions the mobile phone away from the ear, helps to reduce the charge absorbed at head level. The health authorities recommend the use of a handsfree kit
- choose a mobile phone with a low SAR to reduce exposure to radio waves. The SAR of a phone corresponds to the maximum power absorbed locally by the user during a conversation. Mobile phones with an SAR greater than 2 W/kg may not be marketed
- wherever possible, only use the telephone when reception conditions are good. The quality of the reception is indicated by the number of bars on the screen of the phone. The greater the number of bars displayed on the screen (at least 3), the lower the level of power emitted by the phone
- the speakerphone function on the phone enables you to position the phone away from your head, thereby considerably reducing exposure
- do not hold the phone to your ear directly after a call. In practice, you can wait until the display on the screen indicates that communication has been established before placing the phone to your ear. The emission level is at a maximum at the start of a mobile phone connection, whether emitting or receiving, and then the power decreases quickly until it reaches a level that is suitable for the reception conditions
- be careful when using protection and anti-radiation devices aimed at reducing radiation. They might alter the quality of the connection and result in increased radiation
5. do new technologies in the mobile phone sector modify the level of exposure to radio frequencies?
New technologies are progressively leading to a change in the use of mobile phones. The phone is evolving into a screen and the user looks at it more than he listens to it. This positions the phone away from the head, reducing exposure levels. Furthermore, the levels of power emitted by third generation phones (UMTS) are weaker than those of GSM phones. The SAR of a 3G mobile phone is lower in UMTS mode than in GSM mode.
6. what precautions can be taken for people with medical implants?
People with active medical implants (pacemakers, insulin pumps etc.) must observe a distance of 30 cm between the mobile phone and the implant, as radio frequencies may interfere with the devices. Ask your doctor for advice.
7. are there risks related to using a mobile phone when driving?
Do not use a phone when you are driving - not even with a handsfree kit. Research has proven that if a driver uses a phone when driving, he is distracted, thereby increasing the risk of an accident. You must always strictly adhere to the highway code.
find out more
Forum Mobil
(French)
Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH)
Swiss Research Foundation on Mobile Communication (FSM)
